{"id":288,"date":"2010-05-23T16:56:04","date_gmt":"2010-05-23T23:56:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fiduciarydutiesblog.com\/?p=288"},"modified":"2010-05-23T16:56:04","modified_gmt":"2010-05-23T23:56:04","slug":"could-breach-of-contract-be-immoral","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/?p=288","title":{"rendered":"Could Breach of Contract Be Immoral?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Prof. Seana Shiffrin of UCLA Law School tackles the issue of  \u201ccontract law\u2019s strong traditional bar on punitive damages for  intentional, gratuitous breach of contract.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>She jumps right into the fray:\u00a0 \u201cMorality, I claimed, correctly  regards some breaches of promise as morally wrong and as warranting not  only compensation but the administration of morality\u2019s punitive  remedies, including blame, criticism, recrimination, and avoidance.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.krbecheklaw.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/05\/673173E.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Fresno lawyers\" src=\"http:\/\/www.krbecheklaw.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/05\/673173E.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"261\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>That is a valid point.\u00a0 There are times when morality must be part of  contract law.\u00a0 States Prof. Shiffrin, \u201cThe contract law invokes promise  as the fundamental component of a contract but, puzzlingly, does not  subject gratuitous breaches of contract (and hence breaches of promise)  to the distinctive punitive measures endorsed and administered by law,  save when those breaches are also torts.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The argument continues.\u00a0 \u201cIf the law\u2019s rationale for the bar on  punitive damages is that the prospect of punitive damages might  discourage efficient breach of contract \u2013 I label this the  efficient-breach rationale \u2013 then the divergence between morality\u2019s  response to breach and the law\u2019s response to breach is problematic in  ways that morally decent citizens cannot accept.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe efficient-breach rationale forwards a justification for a legal  doctrine that consists in the claim that barring punitive damages would  encourage and facilitate certain breaching behavior.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBut this behavior is condemned by morality.\u00a0 To the extent the law  adopts and embodies this rationale, it thereby embraces and tries to  encourage and facilitate immoral behavior.\u00a0 <strong>Although the law need not  enforce morality as such, it is problematic when the law, either  directly, or by way of the justifications underlying the law, embraces  and encourages immoral action<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Amen.\u00a0 It\u2019s about time someone steps up like this.\u00a0 The law of  contracts should not turn a blind eye to contract that is immoral.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.krbecheklaw.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/05\/Italy.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Fresno attorneys\" src=\"http:\/\/www.krbecheklaw.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/05\/Italy.jpg\" alt=\"Italy\" width=\"405\" height=\"304\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Prof Shiffrin concludes that \u201cCitizens, who in a democratic polity  must be thought of as partial authors of the law, cannot, in all  consistency, accept such laws and their justifications while  simultaneously acting and reasoning as moral agents.\u00a0 The law ought not  to be structured or justified in ways that place citizens in such an  untenable position: it must accommodate the needs of moral agency even  if it need not or should not enforce morality directly.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>(Seana Shiffrin, <strong>Could Breach of Contract Be Immoral?<\/strong>, in <em>Michigan  Law Review<\/em> (June 2009), Vol. 107, No. 8, p. 1551.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prof. Seana Shiffrin of UCLA Law School tackles the issue of \u201ccontract law\u2019s strong traditional bar on punitive damages for intentional, gratuitous breach of contract.\u201d She jumps right into the fray:\u00a0 \u201cMorality, I claimed, correctly regards some breaches of promise as morally wrong and as warranting not only compensation but the administration of morality\u2019s punitive [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economics","category-law-reviews"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/288"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=288"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/288\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=288"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fresnolawyerblog.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}